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Year :2017
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Month :
September-October
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Volume :
6
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Issue :
4
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Page :
AO38 - AO41
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Study of Ponticulus Posticus in Dry Atlas Vertebrae in Central Gujarat Region and its Clinical Significance
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Correspondence Address :
Kintukumar Vyas, HG Joshi, Shital Patel, Bhavesh Shroff,
Dr. Hemang Girishchandra Joshi,
28, Monali Park, Opp. Old More Mega Store,
Manjalpur, Vadodara-390011, Gujarat, India.
E-mail: joshihemang30@yahoo.com
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Introduction: Introduction: Atlas is the first cervical vertebra which supports skull through atlanto-occipital joint. It has an anterior and a posterior arch with a groove on superior surface for the third part of the vertebral artery. The groove has anterior and posterior margin onto which lateral margin of atlanto-occipital membrane is attached. From these anterior and posterior margins of groove, sometimes bony projections occur and convert the groove into a foramen which may be incomplete or complete and known as ponticulus posticus. This may compress the vertebral artery passes through it and may cause vertebrobasilar insufficiency and produce symptoms like vertigo, dizziness, nausea, headache etc.
Aim: To find out occurrence rate of ponticulus posticus in atlas vertebrae with their measurements and its clinical significance.
Materials and Methods: Total 100 atlas vertebrae were examined for incomplete and complete ponticulus posticus. Their anteroposterior length and vertical height were also measured with the help of vernier caliper.
Result: Incomplete ponticulus posticus were found in total 33 (33%) of vertebrae and complete ponticulus posticus were found in 4 (4%) vertebrae. Similarly, foramen for vertebral artery on lateral side was found in only 1 (1%) vertebra on right side. Anteroposterior length of foramen was 11.5±2.5 mm on right side and 11.2±2.2 mm on left side. Vertical height of foramen was 6.3±1.2 mm on right side (statistically non-significant) and 6.3±1.1 mm on left side. Anteroposterior length and vertical height does not show any statistical significant difference on right and left side. Data entry and analysis was done by using Microsoft Excel 2016. Data was represented as mean±SD.
Conclusion: Neurosurgeons, Orthopedic surgeons, Radiologists and clinicians must be aware about the presence of ponticulus posticus which may compress the third part of vertebral artery and produce neurological symptoms. Measurements of ponticulus posticus help them to understand anatomy of this region better for performing surgeries like internal fixation techniques.
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