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Year :2018
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Month :
January
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Volume :
7
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Issue :
1
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Page :
SO05 - SO08
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Peripheral Arterial Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study Using Ankle-Brachial Index
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Correspondence Address :
Sunaya Chandrashekar, Kalaivani V,
Dr. Kalaivani V,
MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital New BEL Road MS
Ramaiah Nagar, MSRIT Post, Bengaluru-560094,
Karnataka, India.
E-mail: dr.vani_rajan@yahoo.com
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Introduction: India is fast emerging the diabetes capital of the world. Diabetic patients are at high risk for Peripheral Arterial Diseases (PAD). It is a major risk factor for lower extremity amputation and is also accompanied by high likelihood of systemic cardiovascular disease and stroke. Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) measurement using a hand held Doppler and sphygmomanometer is a simple, non invasive, reproducible and economical tool to diagnose PAD. An ABI < 0.9 is diagnostic of PAD even in asymptomatic patients and can be used to predict morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases.
Aim: To estimate Type 2 diabetic patients having asymptomatic PAD using ABI.
Materials and Methods: This hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted on all diabetic patients who were admitted to various departments of the hospital without symptoms of PAD. Total 183 patients were included in the study who underwent measurement of ABI using a hand held Doppler and sphygmomanometer, following ABI protocol and after obtaining an informed consent.
Results: Out of 82 (number of patients arrived after excluding other risk factors) patients, 58 (70.7%) patients had a normal ABI (>0.9) and 24 (29.3%) patients had a decreased ABI (<0.9). Among these 24 patients, 18 patients (22%) had mild PAD, five patients (6.1%) had moderate PAD and one patient (1.2%) had severe PAD. The prevalence of PAD was 29.3% (19.25-39.35, 95% confidence interval).
Conclusion: ABI is a good screening tool for identifying asymptomatic PAD in diabetic patients, which aids in reduction of lower extremity amputations and prevention of ischaemic cardiovascular disease associated with PAD.
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