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An Anomolousincidence of a Cervical Rib-A Radiographic Case Report |
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Vinodhini P., Sendil Kumar, Mamatha H., Antony Sylvan D’souza 1. PG Student, Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India. 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India. 3. Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India. 4.Professor and HEAD Department of Anatomy Kasturba Medical College, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India. |
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Correspondence Address : Vinodhini P., Sendil Kumar, Mamatha H., Antony Sylvan D’souza, Dr. Mamatha H, Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India. Phone: 09535681514 E-mail: mamatha2010@yahoo.com |
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| ABSTRACT |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
: Morphometry of body and neural arch of lumbar vertebrae is very crucial in manufacturing screws, interspinous implants as well as preoperative planning of surgeries involving dorsolumbar spine. Aim: To determine various dimensions of typical and atypical lumbar vertebrae. Materials and Methods: A descriptive osteological study was carried out which included 66 intact adult dry human lumbar vertebrae (53 typical and 13 atypical) which were free of any deformity or pathological features. All the 53 typical vertebrae were randomly obtained. The following parameters were measured with slide callipers- superior transverse diameter and superior antero-posterior diameters of vertebral foramen; transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter and anterior height of vertebral body; width, height of pedicles; interpedicular distance; maximum thickness of lamina; length of transverse process; maximum length, maximum height and maximum central thickness of spinous process. The data was tabulated and analysed using Microsoft Excel software. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for each parameter. Unpaired t-test was applied and p-value was derived for parameters like width and height of pedicles, thickness of lamina and length of transverse process. The p-value<0.05 were considered as significant. Results: The vertebral foramen (superior transverse diameter- 20.41±2.54 mm, superior antero-posterior diameter- 13.3±2.04 mm); vertebral body (transverse diameter- 44.43±5.91 mm, antero-posterior diameter- 30.17±3.19 mm, anterior height- 24.01±1.84 mm); pedicle (width- 10.85±3.94 mm on left side and 11.04±4.01 mm on right side, height- 13.84±4.01 mm on left side and 13.8±1.93 mm on right side, interpedicular distance- 29.17±5.06 mm); lamina (thickness- 6.6±1.36 mm on left side and 6.85±1.34 mm on right side); transverse process (length- 20.94±4.01 mm on left side and 21.51±4.5 mm on right side); spinous process (maximum length- 26.01±3.73 mm, maximum height- 19.92±4.03 mm, maximum central thickness- 6.42±1.41 mm). The mean transverse diameter and antero-posterior diameter of vertebral foramen of atypical lumbar vertebrae were higher than those of the typical lumbar vertebrae and these differences were significant (p-value of 0.0001 for transverse diameter and p-value of 0.005 for antero-posterior diameter). Conclusion: Most of the parameters of atypical lumbar vertebrae were found to be more compared to those of typical lumbar vertebrae. This inference should be kept in mind during fixation of lumbar inter-spinous implants, designing of pedicular screws and spinal grafting. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Keywords : Cervical rib, Thoracic outlet syndrome, Neurovascular disturbances | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| INTRODUCTION |
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The 7th cervical vertebra or vertebra prominence is visible and palpable for its long spinous process at the lower end of the nuchal furrow. The ribs are 12 pairs of elastic arches that articulate posteriorly with the vertebral column.Their number may be increased by cervical or lumbarribsor reduced by the absence of the twelfth pair. A cervical rib is the costal element of the seventh cervical vertebra, often it has an head, neck and tubercle. When a shaft is present, it is of variable length, and extends anterolaterally into the posterior triangle of the neck, where it may end freely or join the first rib or costal cartilage. A cervical rib can be partly fibrous,being its effects unrelated to the size of its osseous part (1). It is related to first thoracic rib, lower trunk of the brachial plexus and Subclavian vessels which are superior and prone to suffer compression in a narrow angle between rib and Scalenus anterior. Hence cervical ribs may first be revealed bynervous and vascular symptoms, particularly those caused by pressure on the eighth cervical and first thoracic spinal nerves (2),(3). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| TABLES AND FIGURES |
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Case report
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