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A Anatomical Study on Relationship Between Posterior Cerebral Artery and Posterior Communicating Artery |
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Roopashree R. 1. Assistant Professor, Dept of Anatomy MVJ Medical College, Hoskote, Bangalore, India. |
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Correspondence Address : Roopashree R., Dr. Roopashree R No. 145, DSR elite, sy no 52/2, Mahadevapura main road, Whitefield-ITPL road, Bangalore-560048. Phone: 09742490865 Email: roopashree.ramakrshna@gmail.com |
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| ABSTRACT |  | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
: Morphometry of body and neural arch of lumbar vertebrae is very crucial in manufacturing screws, interspinous implants as well as preoperative planning of surgeries involving dorsolumbar spine. Aim: To determine various dimensions of typical and atypical lumbar vertebrae. Materials and Methods: A descriptive osteological study was carried out which included 66 intact adult dry human lumbar vertebrae (53 typical and 13 atypical) which were free of any deformity or pathological features. All the 53 typical vertebrae were randomly obtained. The following parameters were measured with slide callipers- superior transverse diameter and superior antero-posterior diameters of vertebral foramen; transverse diameter, antero-posterior diameter and anterior height of vertebral body; width, height of pedicles; interpedicular distance; maximum thickness of lamina; length of transverse process; maximum length, maximum height and maximum central thickness of spinous process. The data was tabulated and analysed using Microsoft Excel software. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for each parameter. Unpaired t-test was applied and p-value was derived for parameters like width and height of pedicles, thickness of lamina and length of transverse process. The p-value<0.05 were considered as significant. Results: The vertebral foramen (superior transverse diameter- 20.41±2.54 mm, superior antero-posterior diameter- 13.3±2.04 mm); vertebral body (transverse diameter- 44.43±5.91 mm, antero-posterior diameter- 30.17±3.19 mm, anterior height- 24.01±1.84 mm); pedicle (width- 10.85±3.94 mm on left side and 11.04±4.01 mm on right side, height- 13.84±4.01 mm on left side and 13.8±1.93 mm on right side, interpedicular distance- 29.17±5.06 mm); lamina (thickness- 6.6±1.36 mm on left side and 6.85±1.34 mm on right side); transverse process (length- 20.94±4.01 mm on left side and 21.51±4.5 mm on right side); spinous process (maximum length- 26.01±3.73 mm, maximum height- 19.92±4.03 mm, maximum central thickness- 6.42±1.41 mm). The mean transverse diameter and antero-posterior diameter of vertebral foramen of atypical lumbar vertebrae were higher than those of the typical lumbar vertebrae and these differences were significant (p-value of 0.0001 for transverse diameter and p-value of 0.005 for antero-posterior diameter). Conclusion: Most of the parameters of atypical lumbar vertebrae were found to be more compared to those of typical lumbar vertebrae. This inference should be kept in mind during fixation of lumbar inter-spinous implants, designing of pedicular screws and spinal grafting. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Keywords : Posterior communicating artery, Posterior cerebral artery, Circle of willis | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| INTRODUCTION |
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A thorough knowledge of anatomy Circulus Arteriosus is important for neurosurgeons and anatomists; Circulus Arteriosus is the arterial anastomotic ring which is formed by Carotid and Vertebro – basilar systems. The Posterior Communicating Arteries are two in number and arise from the internal carotid arteries on either side. On both the sides they run backwards, above the occulomotor nerves and anastomose with the posterior cerebral artery of their respective side to close the arterial circle and form the Circulus Arteriosus. The Basilar artery extends superiorly from its origin near the ponto-medullar junction to its terminal bifurcation into a pair of posterior cerebral arteries. The Posterior Cerebral Artery passes lateral and parallel to the superior cerebral arteries of both sides where it receives the posterior communicating branch of the internal carotid. The part of the posterior cerebral artery before this communication is called the P1 segment (pre-communicating or Horizontal) and the part after this communication is called the P2 segment (Post-communicating or Ambient). The appreciation of morphological variations of Circulus Arteriosus still has its place inspite of tremendous advances in technology for the study of anatomy in situ, through computerized tomographical angiography or magnetic resonance angiography. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the anatomic variations in the posterior cerebral artery and posterior communicating artery in the formation of Circulus Arteriosus. Objectives 1. To the study the anatomical variations of the posterior part of Circulus Arteriosus. 2. To study the variations of Posterior Cerebral Artery. 3. To study the variations of Posterior Communicating Artery. 4. To obtain information about the relationship between the variations of the posterior cerebral artery and posterior communicating artery in the formation of Circulus Arteriosus. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| TABLES AND FIGURES |
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Original article / research
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