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Year :2017
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Month :
January-February
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Volume :
6
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Issue :
1
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Page :
AO07 - AO13
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Elongated Styloid Process: A Morphometric Study with Radiological Evaluation in Dry Human Skulls with its Clinical Implications
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Correspondence Address :
Apurba Patra, Rajan Kumar Singla, Harsimarjit Kaur, Rimple Bansal, Mannat Singla,
Dr. Apurba Patra,
House No. 15E, Rajindra Medical Complex,
New Lal Bagh Colony Patiala, Punjab-147001, India.
E-mail: apurba.cnmc03@gmail.com
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Introduction: Introduction: Length of Styloid Process (SP) varies widely. It can be very short and hidden by vaginal process or it can be elongated to reach hyoid bone. The antiquity anatomists have been observing the incidence of elongated SP and their correlation with occurrence of Eagle’s syndrome.
Aim: The present study aimed to determine the incidence of the elongated styloid process, their anterior and medial angulations and thickness in order to highlight their possible etiological importance in clinical and surgical conditions.
Materials and Methods:The study was done on both sides of 50 dry skulls without any obvious deformity. The length, angulations and maximum thickness of the styloid processes at base and tip were measured with the help of Vernier calipers and expressed as mean±SD. Each skull was carefully examined for the presence of elongated styloid process (length > 30 mm). The skulls with elongated SP were separated and further investigated radiologically (digital X-ray) to know their morphology, radiographic pattern of calcification and to classify them accordingly.
Results: Out of the 100 sides of 50 skulls, elongated SP was observed on nine sides, amongst them five skulls (10%) were with unilateral and two (4%) with bilateral elongation of SP. The means of length, anterior and medial angulations and thickness at the level of base and tips of styloid process of right side were 21.90±8.603 mm, 57.50±2.682°, 65.48±2.426°, 4.30±0.248 mm and 2.26±0.279 mm, on the left side were 20.80±5.757 mm, 59.30±2.288°, 63.80±3.687°, 4.70±0.318 mm, 2.49±0.301 mm respectively. The data was statistically compared between the right and left sides and found to be statistically insignificant (p>0.05). Based on the radiological evaluation of elongated SPs, type I (elongated) morphology with partial pattern of calcification was found to be most common.
Conclusion: Elongated SP (length>30 mm) was seen more frequently unilaterally (10%) as compared to bilateral (4%). When bilateral, it was more on right side as compared to the left side. Whether normal or elongated, the length of SP was more on right side as compared to the left side and thickness at base and tip was more on left side as compared to the right side. Thus, right SP grows more in length while left grows more in thickness. An elongated SP is important not only clinically but also academically and ontogenically.
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