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Year :2019
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Month :
July-August
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Volume :
8
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Issue :
3
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Page :
AO10 - AO12
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Morphological and Morphometric Study of Foramen Magnum in Dry Human Skull and Its Clinical Significance
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Correspondence Address :
Archana Singh, Preeti Agarwal, Arun Singh,
Dr. Preeti Agarwal,
Department of Anatomy, Varun Arjun Medical College and Rohilkhand Hospital Banthra, Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
E-mail: Preetianat@gmail.com
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Introduction: Introduction: Foramen Magnum (FM) is present at the lower part of the occipital bone. It is a very important landmark for the anthropology, anatomy, forensic medicine, surgeons and other medical field for the skull base.
Aim: To observe the shape of foramen magnum and to measure the various morphometric parameters.
Materials and Methods: Morphological and morphometric study was done on 120 dry human skulls. Digital Vernier caliper was used for measurement. The shape of foramen magnum was noted and classified as oval, round, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal and irregular in shape. Morphometric measurements like anterio-posterior diameter, transverse diameter were measured and Foramen magnum index was calculated. Statistical analysis was done and minimum, maximum mean and standard deviation was calculated.
Results: The most common shape of FM was oval in 40 (33.3%) skulls; followed by tetragonal in 20 (16.6%) skulls and hexagonal in 20 (16.6%) skulls. Round shaped FM was present in 16 (13.3%) skulls, pentagonal FM in 16 (13.3%) and pear shaped FM was present in 8 (6.6%) skulls.The mean of Anteroposterior (AP) diameter was 33.79±2.60 mm; transverse diameter was 28.25±1.83 mm and foramen magnum index was 83.91±6.43.
Conclusion: The Knowledge of size and shape of foramen magnum is helpful to neurosurgeons in cranio-vertebral surgical approaches as well as in posterior cranial fossa surgeries. Data of present study may be helpful to neurosurgeons, anthropologist or forensic persons.
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