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Year :2021
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Month :
July-August
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Volume :
10
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Issue :
3
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Page :
AO18 - AO21
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Scapular Glenoid Cavity in Central Indian Population: A Morphological Study
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Correspondence Address :
Abhilasha M Wahane, Sonal A Talokar, Rajeshree N Dange,
Dr. Rajeshree N Dange,
34/A, RBI Colony, Near NIT Garden, Katol Road, Nagpur-13, Maharashtra, India.
E-mail: rajeshreedng@yahoo.com
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Introduction: Introduction: The Glenoid Cavity (GC) of scapula has highly variable morphology. The rim of GC presents a notch in its upper and front part, because of this glenoid notch, various shapes of GC are found like pear, oval or inverted comma shaped. For total shoulder arthroplasty, knowledge of the shape and dimensions of the glenoid are important in the design and fitting of glenoid component. Various anatomical parameters of the glenoid like height, width, articular surface area, inclination, vault size and shape are relevant for prosthesis design. There is considerable natural variability in these parameters. Anatomical variations of GC are also important for understanding the various pathologies involving the shoulder joints. The present study tries to determine the measurements of various dimensions of the GC including the variations in its shape and surface area.
Aim: To obtain the morphometric data and various shapes of the GC relevant to the central Indian population and to compare the data obtained from the present study with previous studies.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on 150 dry, adult human scapulae of unknown sex, collected from the museum of Department of Anatomy, out of which, 67 were of right side and 83 of left side belonging to central Indian population of unknown sex and age. Morphological evaluation and morphometric measurements for GC were done in each scapula using digital vernier calliper. The height and anteroposterior diameter of the GC was measured at three different levels. Shape of the GC, based on the presence of a notch on the anterior glenoid rim, was noted as pear, oval or inverted comma shape.
Results: The mean Superior-inferior (SI) diameter of the GC was observed as 33.84±3.08 mm on right side and 33.68±2.75 mm on left side. The mean Anterior Posterior 1 was 23.65±3.47 and 23.60±2.79 on right and left side, respectively. Anterior Posterior 2 was 14.98±2.41 and 14.16±2.23 on right and left side, respectively, whereas, Anterior Posterior 3 were 19.12±3.59 and 18.44±3.11 on right and left side, respectively. A 33.3% glenoid cavities were oval shaped, 50.66% were of pear shape and 16% were of inverted comma shape.
Conclusion: The present study can be helpful to orthopaedic surgeons and biomechanical engineers during designing and fitting the implants for total shoulder arthroplasty. The size of the GC is known to be variable in different population. Hence, while designing the glenoid component of the prosthesis; smaller dimensions of the glenoid cavities in Indian population should be considered.
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